How to Get Help with Energy Bills in the U.S.: A Complete Guide to LIHEAP, WAP, and Utility Reconnection Assistance

Facing High Energy Bills? You’re Not Alone

Energy costs across the U.S. have continued to put pressure on households, especially low-income families, the elderly, and individuals with disabilities.

Rising temperatures in summer and harsh winter weather have made access to reliable heating and cooling more essential than ever before.

To support struggling households, the U.S. government offers two major energy assistance programs: both the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) and the Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP).

These programs are designed not only to provide immediate relief from high utility bills but also to offer long-term solutions through home improvements that lower your energy use.

This comprehensive guide explains:

• ✅ How LIHEAP helps pay energy bills
• ✅ How WAP helps improve energy efficiency
• ✅ Who qualifies for each program
• ✅ How to apply in your state or territory
• ✅ What to do if your utilities have already been shut off

What Is LIHEAP and How Does It Work?

LIHEAP is a federal program designed to federally funded initiative that helps qualifying individuals and families:

• Pay for heating or cooling costs
• Cover unpaid electricity bills
• Receive emergency assistance during energy crises (such as furnace breakdowns or impending shut-offs)

The funds are distributed by state and local LIHEAP offices, and the amount you receive depends on your income, household size, energy costs, and location.

What LIHEAP Can Cover:

• Cooling costs in the summer
• Heating costs in the winter
• Assistance with overdue utility bills
• Emergency furnace or AC repairs
• Temporary backup power during outages

In some states, LIHEAP may also include programs to help prevent disconnection of services or to restore utility access that has already been cut off.

Who Is Eligible for LIHEAP?

Eligibility is primarily based on income, but there are other factors that can help determine your qualification.

Because each state or territory manages its own LIHEAP program, specific requirements and available funding may vary.

General Eligibility Requirements:

• Income must be at or below 150% of the federal poverty level (FPL), or 60% of the state median income
• You must be responsible for paying your home’s heating or cooling costs
• Priority is often given to:
  • Households with children
  • Seniors aged 60 or older
  • People with disabilities
  • Individuals facing a temporary financial crisis

Good to know: If you are already receiving TANF, SNAP, SSI, or Veterans benefits, you may automatically qualify for LIHEAP.

How to Apply for LIHEAP

To apply for LIHEAP benefits:

1. Locate your state or territory’s LIHEAP office using the official LIHEAP directory.
2. Answer a few eligibility questions online (some offices offer a quick screening tool).
3. Submit your application, which is usually possible:
   • Online (if available in your area)
   • By phone
   • In person at a local community action agency or social service office

Required Documents May Include:

• Proof of income for all household members
• Recent energy bill(s)
• Social Security numbers
• Proof of U.S. citizenship or legal residency

Pro Tip: Apply early! LIHEAP funds are limited and are typically distributed on a first-come, first-served basis. Funding often runs out before winter or summer ends.

What Is the Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP)?

Unlike LIHEAP, which provides direct financial assistance, the Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP) focuses on long-term energy cost reduction through home energy efficiency improvements.

The WAP provides no-cost home upgrades to reduce your energy usage — saving you money month after month, year after year.

These services are conducted by trained professionals, and the average household can save $300 to $500 per year after receiving WAP upgrades.

Who Qualifies for WAP?

WAP eligibility is also income-based, and many recipients of LIHEAP, SSI, or TANF are automatically eligible.

You may qualify if:

Your income falls at or beneath 200% of the federal poverty threshold.

• level
• You already participate in another federal assistance program
• You are a senior, individual with a disability, or family with children

Priority is typically given to:

• Low-income elderly individuals
• Families with young children
• Individuals with high energy consumption due to medical needs

How to Apply for WAP

1. Contact your state’s WAP office — visit the Department of Energy WAP page to find contact details by state.
2. Fill out the application and provide documentation similar to LIHEAP.
3. If eligible, an energy audit will be scheduled to assess your home’s needs.
4. If improvements are approved, professionals will perform the weatherization work at no cost to you.

Note: You can apply for both LIHEAP and WAP at the same time in many states, maximizing your household support.

What If My Utilities Have Been Disconnected?

If your electricity, natural gas, or water service has already been turned off due to non-payment, it’s essential to act quickly.

Reconnection Rights Vary by State

Each state has its own regulations about when and how utilities can be disconnected — and what rights consumers have to get them reconnected.

Factors That May Protect You:

• Severe weather conditions (extreme heat or cold)
• Medical emergencies documented by a doctor
• Age-based protections (seniors or minors)
• Disability status
• Military deployment in some states

Some utility companies are legally required to postpone disconnections under specific conditions — or to provide deferred payment plans.

How to Get Help if You’re Disconnected

1. Call your utility provider immediately to find out what assistance may be available.
2. Contact your local LIHEAP office, which may offer emergency energy assistance funds.
3. Ask about local nonprofits or churches that help with utility bills.
4. Explore state utility commissions or consumer protection agencies, which may help negotiate reconnections or resolve billing disputes.

Key Tips for Managing Energy Costs

Even with assistance programs, managing your household energy use can lead to long-term savings:

• Maintain your HVAC system by cleaning or replacing its filters. regularly
•  Open blinds during winter days for natural heat
• Use fans instead of air conditioners when possible
•  Adjust your water heater thermostat down to 120°F.
• Seal doors and windows to prevent drafts
• Switch to LED lighting for energy efficiency

These habits, combined with programs like LIHEAP and WAP, can reduce your energy costs significantly.

Summary: What You Need to Know

ProgramWhat It CoversWho It HelpsHow to Apply

LIHEAP Heating, cooling, unpaid bills, emergency help Low-income households Through your state’s LIHEAP office

WAP Home energy efficiency upgrades Income-eligible households, seniors, disabled Through your state’s WAP agency

Utility Reconnection Help Restore disconnected services Anyone whose service has been cut Contact utility provider or local LIHEAP office

🌎 Final Thoughts: Support Is Within Reach

Energy assistance isn’t just about paying bills — it’s about ensuring families can live with dignity, safety, and comfort, regardless of income. Whether you’re struggling with high heating bills in the winter, trying to cool your home in a scorching summer, or looking to weatherize your house for long-term savings, programs like LIHEAP and WAP are here to help.

📝 Don’t wait until your situation becomes urgent. Explore your eligibility, gather your documents, and reach out to your local offices today. A warmer, safer home may be just one application away.